Thailand has a pluralistic public and private mixed system for financing and service provision although public financing and provision still plays a dominant role. Thailand has provided a universal health-care coverage (UC) through a tax scheme since 2001. The scheme protects the 45 million population who are not eligible for Civil Servant Medical Benefit Scheme (CSMBS), which covers the government and state enterprise employees and their dependents, or Social Health Insurance (SHI), which is a mandatory health insurance for private sector employees in companies employing more than one employee. As a result, 96% of the total 64 millions of Thai population was covered by one of these three public insurance schemes.