Passion or Profession: Musician

Period: 1932–

One of the most internationally recognized South African musicians, Miriam Makeba blends traditional African music and pop sounds. Makeba’s lyrics address the civil rights struggle in the United States and the antiapartheid movement in South Africa. Because of her lyrics, South Africa denied Makeba citizenship until 1990. She has earned a reputation as an advocate of equality and a champion of African music.