Article 7

 

   All   are   equal   before the  law  and  are  entitled  without  any discrimination  to  equal  protection  of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination.

 

Article 8

 

   Everyone has the  right  to  an  effective  remedy  by the competent national tribunals  for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law.

 

Article 9

 

   No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.

 

Article 10

 

   Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.

 

Article 11

 

    1. Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defense.

2. No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed.

 

Article 12

 

   No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honor and reputation.  Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.

 

Article 13

 

    1. Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each State.

2. Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country.

 

Article 14

 

    1. Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.

2. This right may not be  invoked  in  the  case  of prosecutions genuinely  arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.

 

Article 15

 

1. Everyone has the right to a nationality.

2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality.

 

Article 16

 

1. Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family.  They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution.

2. Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses.

3. The family is  the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State.

 

Article 17

 

    1. Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.

2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.

 

Article 18

 

   Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes  freedom  to  change his religion or belief, and freedom,  either  alone  or  in community with others and in public or private,  to  manifest  his  religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.

 

Article 19

 

   Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.

 

Article 20

 

1. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.

2. No one may be compelled to belong to an association.

 

Article 21

 

1. Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives.

2. Everyone has the right to equal access to public service in his country.

3. The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government; this will shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures.

 

Article 22

 

   Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.

 

Article 23

 

1. Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favorable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment.

2. Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work.

3. Everyone   who works has  the  right  to  just  and  favorable remuneration ensuring  for  himself  and  his family an existence worthy  of human dignity, and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection.

4. Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests.

 

Article 24

 

   Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay.

 

Article 25

 

1. Everyone has  the  right to a standard of living adequate for the health  and well-being  of  himself  and of his family, including food,  clothing,  housing  and  medical care and necessary social services,  and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness,   disability,  widowhood,  old  age  or  other  lack  of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.

2. Motherhood   and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection.

 

Article 26

 

    1. Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least   in the elementary and fundamental stages.  Elementary education   shall   be   compulsory.  Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.

2. Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and   fundamental   freedoms.   It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.

3. Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children.

 

Article 27

 

    1. Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.

2. Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author.

 

Article 28

 

   Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized.

 

Article 29

 

1. Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible.

2. In  the  exercise  of  his  rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject  only  to such limitations as are determined by law solely for  the  purpose  of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of  morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society.

3. These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.

 

Article 30

 

   Nothing in  this  Declaration  may be interpreted as implying for any State,  group or  person  any  right  to engage in any activity or to  perform  any  act  aimed  at  the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein.

     _________________________________________________________________

 

Source and Reference

 

   © The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights

   OHCHR-UNOG

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   1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland

   +41 22 917-9000

   udhr@ohchr.org